Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition affecting the digestive tract. The two most common forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Understanding the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease, how it is diagnosed, and available treatment options is essential in managing the condition early and effectively.

At Vitalscan, we provide advanced small bowel MRI scans that support accurate and timely diagnosis of IBD.

Healthcare worker in blue scrubs and gloves holding an anatomical model of the intestines showing internal structures.

What is Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Inflammatory bowel disease refers to chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although the exact cause of inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear, it is believed to result from an abnormal immune response, genetic predisposition, and environmental influences. Without proper treatment, IBD can cause serious complications, including bowel obstruction, severe dehydration, and life threatening infections.

Symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease vary in severity and can develop gradually or suddenly. While early symptoms may be mild, they can significantly worsen over time if not addressed.

Common symptoms include:

  • Persistent abdominal pain or cramping
  • Diarrhoea, often chronic
  • Blood in the stool
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Loss of appetite
  • Urgency to use the bathroom

Some individuals may also experience:

  • Fever
  • Joint pain
  • Skin irritation
  • Iron deficiency anaemia

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider promptly.

Causes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The causes of inflammatory bowel disease are not yet fully understood, however, research suggests multiple contributing factors:

  • Immune system response – A malfunctioning immune system may respond inappropriately to bacteria or viruses, causing sustained inflammation in the GI tract.
  • Genetic predisposition – A family history of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis increases the likelihood of developing IBD.
  • Environmental factors – Stress, diet, and geographical location may influence the onset of symptoms.

Risk Factors of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

While anyone can develop IBD, several factors increase the likelihood of developing this condition.

Key risk factors of inflammatory bowel disease include:

  • Family history of IBD
  • Smoking
  • Young age (often diagnosed before age 35)
  • Infections or changes in gut bacteria
  • Living in industrialised regions

How is Inflammatory Bowel Disease Diagnosed?

Diagnosing IBD usually requires a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, endoscopic procedures, and imaging studies. Because symptoms overlap with other digestive conditions, accurate diagnostic techniques are essential.

  • Medical history and examination – Your clinician will assess symptoms, family history, and lifestyle factors to evaluate your risk profile.
  • Endoscopy or colonoscopy – These procedures allow specialists to visually assess the lining of the bowel and collect tissue samples.
  • Imaging studies (MRI and CT) – MRI is the primary imaging modality for inflammatory bowel disease. It offers detailed images of inflammation, bowel wall changes, and complications such as strictures, fistulas, and abscesses. CT scans may also be used, although MRI avoids radiation exposure, making it preferable.

The Role of MRI in Diagnosing IBD

MRI scanning, particularly small bowel MRI, provides a highly accurate, non-invasive method for diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory bowel disease. It can detect:

  • Inflammation in the GI tract
  • Bowel wall thickening
  • Strictures and narrowing
  • Fistulas and abscesses
  • Disease progression

At Vitalscan, you can book a dedicated small bowel MRI without the need for a GP referral. Our advanced imaging technology supports clinicians in determining the most effective treatment approach.

Treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

While there is currently no cure for IBD, early diagnosis and treatment can help control symptoms, prevent complications, and improve quality of life. Treatment for inflammatory bowel disease typically includes:

  • Medication – Anti-inflammatory drugs, Immunosuppressants, Biologic therapies. These medications work to reduce inflammation, regulate immune response, and relieve symptoms.
  • Surgery – When medication is ineffective, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged sections of the digestive tract.
  • Lifestyle management – Balanced diet, Smoking cessation, Regular exercise, Stress reduction

When to Seek Medical Advice

If you develop recurring abdominal pain, diarrhoea, blood in your stool, or unexplained weight loss, it is important to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis of IBD significantly improves outcomes and reduces long term complication risks.

Radiation Frequently Asked Questions

Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhoea, blood in stool, fatigue, and weight loss.

The causes of inflammatory bowel disease involve abnormal immune responses, genetics, and environmental factors.

Risk factors include family history, smoking, young age, and living in industrialised nations.

Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, colonoscopy, and imaging such as MRI.

MRI provides detailed images of the bowel without radiation, making it ideal for detecting inflammation and complications

Book a Small Bowel MRI with Vitalscan

Accurate imaging plays a critical role in diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease. At Vitalscan, we offer fast access to small bowel MRI scans delivered by specialist radiographers and state of the art technology.

Book your appointment today to receive the clarity you need to manage your digestive health.

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